Spanish Regular Verbs

Spanish Regular Verbs

In Spanish there are three categories of verbs:

-ar verbs (like hablar, to speak),

-er verbs (like comer, to eat),

-ir verbs (like vivir, to live),

In regular verbs the ending is identical and you can simply follow a specific rule to conjugate them all, we will take the present indicative as an example of conjugating regular verbs, since it's the tense used most, for example hablar (to talk), comer (to eat), and vivir (to live), the present indicative forms are made by removing the infinitive ending of the verb (-ar, -er or -ir) and replacing it with an ending that indicates who is performing the action of the verb:

Spanish Verbs

Stem +(-o, -as,-a, -amos, -áis, -an ) for verbs ending in -ar.

Stem +(-o, -es,-e, -emos,-éis,-en) for verbs ending in -er.

Stem +(-o, -es, -e, -imos, -ís, -en) for verbs ending in -ir.

The best thing about regular verbs is that you can apply the above rules (endings) to all regular verbs, it's important to know the stem of the verb so that you can add the endings to it, like the stem of hablar is habl, comer: com, vivir: viv. I speak = yo + habl+o = yo hablo. You can have a look at the table below and see the endings of each verb, it includes a list of: present participle, past participle, present indicative, preterit indicative, Imperfect indicative, future indicative, imperative (Commands).

Spanish Regular Verbs

Verb

Pr Part

Pa Part

Present

Preterite

Imperfect

Future

Imperative

Reg (-ar)

hablando

hablado

hablo,as,a,amos,an

hablé,aste,ó,

amos,aron

hablaba,s,-,mos,n

hablaré,ás,á,

emos,án

habla, hablad

Reg (-er)

comiendo

comido

como,es,e,emos,en

comí,iste,,

imos,ieron

comía,s,-,mos,n

comeré,ás,á,

emos,án

come,comed

Reg (-ir)

viviendo

vivido

vivo,es,e,imos,en

viví,iste,,

imos,ieron

vivía,s,-,mos,n

viviré,ás,á,

emos,án

vive,vivid

The tables below are more detailed, and treat each tense separately; we will start with the present tense:

Spanish Present Tense

Present indicative (Presente de indicativo): 

yo (I)

(you)

Ud./él/ella(he/she)

nosotros/as (we)

vosotros/as (you)

Uds./ellos/ellas (they/you formal)

hablar: -o, -as,-a,

             -amos,-áis,-an

hablo

hablas

habla

hablamos

habláis

hablan

comer: -o, -es,-e,

             -emos,-éis,-en

como

comes

come

comemos

coméis

comen

Vivir:   -o, -es,-e,

            -imos,-ís,-en

vivo

vives

vive

vivimos

vivís

viven

Now we will have a look at the preterit, which is equal to the past tense, look at the table and examine the changes that occur with each verbs category:

Spanish Past Tense (preterit)

Preterit indicative

 (Pretérito de indicativo):  

yo

Ud./él/ella

nosotros/as

vosotros/as

Uds./ellos/ellas

hablar:  -é, -aste, -ó,

              -amos,-asteis,-aron

hablé

hablaste

habló

hablamos

hablasteis

hablaron

comer:   -í, -iste, -ió,

               -imos, -isteis,-ieron

comí

comiste

comió

comimos

comisteis

comieron

vivir:      -í, -íste,-íó,

               -imos,-isteis,-ieron

viví

viviste

vivió

vivimos

vivisteis

vivieron

Another tense which is very easy is the future tense, you don’t have to worry about the stem here, you can take the whole Spanish verb and add the future endings to it and that would be it:

Future Tense in Spanish

Future indicative

(Futuro de indicativo)

yo

Ud./él/ella

Nosotros/as

Vosotros/as

Uds./ellos/ellas

hablar:   -é, -ás, -á

              -emos,-éis,-án

hablaré

hablarás

hablará

hablaremos

hablaréis

hablarán

comer: : -é, -ás, -á

               -emos,-éis,-án

comeré

comerás

comerá

comeremos

comeréis

comerán

vivir: :    -é, -ás, -á

               -emos,-éis,-án

viviré

vivirás

vivirá

viviremos

viviréis

vivirán

Now we will see the Imperative in Spanish, which is also very easy, because it has only two different categories of endings, look at the table below:

Spanish Imperfect

Imperfect indicative

(Imperfecto de indicativo):  

yo

Ud./él/ella

Nosotros/as

Vosotros/as

Uds./ellos/ellas

hablar: -aba,-abas,-aba

             -ábamos,-abais,ablan

hablaba

hablabas

hablaba

hablábamos

hablabais

hablaban

comer: -ía,-ías,-ía,

            -íamos,-íais,-ían

comía

comías

comía

comíamos

comíais

comían

vivir:    -ía,-ías,-ía,

             -íamos,-íais,-ían

vivía

vivías

vivía

vivíamos

vivíais

vivían

The present perfect is another Spanish tense which is very important, and used often as well, the good news is that it’s easy to form, have a look at the table:

Spanish Present Perfect

Present perfect indicative

(Presente perfecto de indicativo):  

yo

Ud./él/ella

Nosotros/as

vosotros/as

Uds./ellos/ellas

hablar: he –ado,has –ado, ha –ado

      hemos –ado, habéis –ado, han -ado

he hablado

has hablado

ha hablado

hemos hablado

habéis hablado

han hablado

comer: he –ido,has –ido, ha –ido

      hemos –ido, habéis –ido, han -ido

he comido

has comido

ha comido

hemos comido

habéis comido

han comido

vivir: he –ido,has –ido, ha –ido

      hemos –ido, habéis –ido, han -ido

he vivido

has vivido

ha vivido

hemos vivido

habéis vivido

han vivido

And finally the imperative or commands in Spanish, a fun to learn mood, and can be very useful, especially if you like giving orders to others, try to memorize it, it’s tricky, because you will have to do some switching, examine the table below, and write down the endings that each verb takes:

Spanish Imperative (Commands)

Commands

(Mandatos):

Vosotros/as

usted

ustedes

hablar: -a,-ad,-e,-en

        No –es,-éis,-e,-en

¡Habla!

¡No hables!

¡Hablad!

¡No habléis!

¡Hable!

¡No hable!

¡Hablen!

¡No hablen!

comer: -e, -ed, -a, -an

        No –as,-áis,-a,-an

¡Come!

¡No comas!

¡Comed!

¡No comáis!

¡Coma!

¡No coma!

¡Coman!

¡No coman!

vivir:    -e, -ed, -a, -an

        No –as,-áis,-a,-an

¡Vive

¡No vivas!

¡Vivid!

¡No viváis!

¡Viva!

¡No viva!

¡Vivan!

¡No vivan!

I hope you have learned from this page to deal with the Spanish verbs in different tenses, especially: the regular verbs, present tense, past tense, Spanish future tense, imperfect, Spanish present perfect, and the imperative. Good luck with the rest of the pages!

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