Spanish Regular Verbs
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Spanish Regular Verbs
In Spanish there are three categories of verbs:
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-ar verbs (like hablar, to speak), |
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-er verbs (like comer, to eat), |
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-ir verbs (like vivir, to live), |
In regular verbs the ending is identical and you can simply follow a specific rule to conjugate them all, we will take the present indicative as an example of conjugating regular verbs, since it's the tense used most, for example hablar (to talk), comer (to eat), and vivir (to live), the present indicative forms are made by removing the infinitive ending of the verb (-ar, -er or -ir) and replacing it with an ending that indicates who is performing the action of the verb:
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Spanish Verbs |
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Stem +(-o, -as,-a, -amos, -áis, -an ) for verbs ending in -ar. Stem +(-o, -es,-e, -emos,-éis,-en) for verbs ending in -er. Stem +(-o, -es, -e, -imos, -ís, -en) for verbs ending in -ir. |
The best thing about regular verbs is that you can apply the above rules (endings) to all regular verbs, it's important to know the stem of the verb so that you can add the endings to it, like the stem of hablar is habl, comer: com, vivir: viv. I speak = yo + habl+o = yo hablo. You can have a look at the table below and see the endings of each verb, it includes a list of: present participle, past participle, present indicative, preterit indicative, Imperfect indicative, future indicative, imperative (Commands).
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Spanish Regular Verbs |
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Verb |
Pr Part |
Pa Part |
Present |
Preterite |
Imperfect |
Future |
Imperative |
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Reg (-ar) |
hablando |
hablado |
hablo,as,a,amos,an |
hablé,aste,ó, amos,aron |
hablaba,s,-,mos,n |
hablaré,ás,á, emos,án |
habla, hablad |
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Reg (-er) |
comiendo |
comido |
como,es,e,emos,en |
comí,iste,ió, imos,ieron |
comía,s,-,mos,n |
comeré,ás,á, emos,án |
come,comed |
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Reg (-ir) |
viviendo |
vivido |
vivo,es,e,imos,en |
viví,iste,ió, imos,ieron |
vivía,s,-,mos,n |
viviré,ás,á, emos,án |
vive,vivid |
The tables below are more detailed, and treat each tense separately; we will start with the present tense:
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Spanish Present Tense |
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Present indicative (Presente de indicativo): |
yo (I) |
tú(you) |
Ud./él/ella(he/she) |
nosotros/as (we) |
vosotros/as (you) |
Uds./ellos/ellas (they/you formal) |
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hablar: -o, -as,-a, -amos,-áis,-an |
hablo |
hablas |
habla |
hablamos |
habláis |
hablan |
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comer: -o, -es,-e, -emos,-éis,-en |
como |
comes |
come |
comemos |
coméis |
comen |
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Vivir: -o, -es,-e, -imos,-ís,-en |
vivo |
vives |
vive |
vivimos |
vivís |
viven |
Now we will have a look at the preterit, which is equal to the past tense, look at the table and examine the changes that occur with each verbs category:
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Spanish Past Tense (preterit) |
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Preterit indicative (Pretérito de indicativo): |
yo |
tú |
Ud./él/ella |
nosotros/as |
vosotros/as |
Uds./ellos/ellas |
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hablar: -é, -aste, -ó, -amos,-asteis,-aron |
hablé |
hablaste |
habló |
hablamos |
hablasteis |
hablaron |
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comer: -í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis,-ieron |
comí |
comiste |
comió |
comimos |
comisteis |
comieron |
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vivir: -í, -íste,-íó, -imos,-isteis,-ieron |
viví |
viviste |
vivió |
vivimos |
vivisteis |
vivieron |
Another tense which is very easy is the future tense, you don’t have to worry about the stem here, you can take the whole Spanish verb and add the future endings to it and that would be it:
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Future Tense in Spanish |
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Future indicative (Futuro de indicativo) |
yo |
tú |
Ud./él/ella |
Nosotros/as |
Vosotros/as |
Uds./ellos/ellas |
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hablar: -é, -ás, -á -emos,-éis,-án |
hablaré |
hablarás |
hablará |
hablaremos |
hablaréis |
hablarán |
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comer: : -é, -ás, -á -emos,-éis,-án |
comeré |
comerás |
comerá |
comeremos |
comeréis |
comerán |
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vivir: : -é, -ás, -á -emos,-éis,-án |
viviré |
vivirás |
vivirá |
viviremos |
viviréis |
vivirán |
Now we will see the Imperative in Spanish, which is also very easy, because it has only two different categories of endings, look at the table below:
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Spanish Imperfect |
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Imperfect indicative (Imperfecto de indicativo): |
yo |
tú |
Ud./él/ella |
Nosotros/as |
Vosotros/as |
Uds./ellos/ellas |
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hablar: -aba,-abas,-aba -ábamos,-abais,ablan |
hablaba |
hablabas |
hablaba |
hablábamos |
hablabais |
hablaban |
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comer: -ía,-ías,-ía, -íamos,-íais,-ían |
comía |
comías |
comía |
comíamos |
comíais |
comían |
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vivir: -ía,-ías,-ía, -íamos,-íais,-ían |
vivía |
vivías |
vivía |
vivíamos |
vivíais |
vivían |
The present perfect is another Spanish tense which is very important, and used often as well, the good news is that it’s easy to form, have a look at the table:
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Spanish Present Perfect |
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Present perfect indicative (Presente perfecto de indicativo): |
yo |
tú |
Ud./él/ella |
Nosotros/as |
vosotros/as |
Uds./ellos/ellas |
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hablar: he –ado,has –ado, ha –ado hemos –ado, habéis –ado, han -ado |
he hablado |
has hablado |
ha hablado |
hemos hablado |
habéis hablado |
han hablado |
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comer: he –ido,has –ido, ha –ido hemos –ido, habéis –ido, han -ido |
he comido |
has comido |
ha comido |
hemos comido |
habéis comido |
han comido |
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vivir: he –ido,has –ido, ha –ido hemos –ido, habéis –ido, han -ido |
he vivido |
has vivido |
ha vivido |
hemos vivido |
habéis vivido |
han vivido |
And finally the imperative or commands in Spanish, a fun to learn mood, and can be very useful, especially if you like giving orders to others, try to memorize it, it’s tricky, because you will have to do some switching, examine the table below, and write down the endings that each verb takes:
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Spanish Imperative (Commands) |
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Commands (Mandatos): |
tú |
Vosotros/as |
usted |
ustedes |
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hablar: -a,-ad,-e,-en No –es,-éis,-e,-en |
¡Habla! ¡No hables! |
¡Hablad! ¡No habléis! |
¡Hable! ¡No hable! |
¡Hablen! ¡No hablen! |
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comer: -e, -ed, -a, -an No –as,-áis,-a,-an |
¡Come! ¡No comas! |
¡Comed! ¡No comáis! |
¡Coma! ¡No coma! |
¡Coman! ¡No coman! |
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vivir: -e, -ed, -a, -an No –as,-áis,-a,-an |
¡Vive ¡No vivas! |
¡Vivid! ¡No viváis! |
¡Viva! ¡No viva! |
¡Vivan! ¡No vivan! |
I hope you have learned from this page to deal with the Spanish verbs in different tenses, especially: the regular verbs, present tense, past tense, Spanish future tense, imperfect, Spanish present perfect, and the imperative. Good luck with the rest of the pages!