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The Japanese Alphabet (Characters)
Salim 2005 © Linguanaut.com
You will learn here:
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Japanese Alphabet, Letters, Symbols, Characters, Japanese Vowels, Consonants, Japanese Pronunciation, How to write in Japanese, Kana Characters, Katakana Characters, Hiragana Characters. |
The Japanese alphabet is usually referred to as kana, specifically hiragana and katakana. While the Hiragana consists of 48 syllables, it is a phonetic alphabet where each alphabetic combination represents just a single sound. Thus any Japanese word can be written in a way that can be read without having to remember how the word is pronounced. So the Japanese kana are much simpler, the way something is written is the way it sounds. There is also Kanji, a Japanese system of writing based on borrowed or slightly modified Chinese characters.
Hiragana Syllables (Alphabet)
The table below shows the 48 Hiragana syllables:
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a |
あ |
ka |
か |
sa |
さ |
ta |
た |
na |
な |
ha |
は |
ma |
ま |
ya |
や |
ra |
ら |
wa |
わ |
n |
ん |
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i |
い |
ki |
き |
shi |
し |
chi |
ち |
ni |
に |
hi |
ひ |
mi |
み |
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ri |
り |
wi |
ゐ |
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|
u |
う |
ku |
く |
su |
す |
tsu |
つ |
nu |
ぬ |
fu |
ふ |
mu |
む |
yu |
ゆ |
ru |
る |
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e |
え |
ke |
け |
se |
せ |
te |
て |
ne |
ね |
he |
へ |
me |
め |
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re |
れ |
we |
ゑ |
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o |
お |
ko |
こ |
so |
そ |
to |
と |
no |
の |
ho |
ほ |
mo |
も |
yo |
よ |
ro |
ろ |
wo |
を |
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Maybe you have noticed that many sounds are missing, that’s why Japanese added some additional sounds using diacritics or combinations of syllables, the table below shows the additional sounds in Hiragana:
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ga |
が |
za |
ざ |
da |
だ |
ba |
ば |
pa |
ぱ |
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gi |
ぎ |
ji |
じ |
ji |
ぢ |
bi |
び |
pi |
ぴ |
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gu |
ぐ |
zu |
ず |
zu |
づ |
bu |
ぶ |
pu |
ぷ |
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ge |
げ |
ze |
ぜ |
de |
で |
be |
べ |
pe |
ぺ |
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go |
ご |
zo |
ぞ |
do |
ど |
bo |
ぼ |
po |
ぽ |
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kya |
きゃ |
sha |
しゃ |
cha |
ちゃ |
hya |
ひゃ |
pya |
ぴゃ |
rya |
りゃ |
|
kyu |
きゅ |
shu |
しゅ |
chu |
ちゅ |
hyu |
ひゅ |
pyu |
ぴゅ |
ryu |
りゅ |
|
kyo |
きょ |
sho |
しょ |
cho |
ちょ |
hyo |
ひょ |
pyo |
ぴょ |
ryo |
りょ |
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gya |
ぎゃ |
ja |
じゃ |
nya |
にゃ |
bya |
びゃ |
mya |
みゃ |
(ja) |
ぢゃ |
|
gya |
ぎゅ |
ju |
じゅ |
nyu |
にゅ |
byu |
びゅ |
my |
みゅ |
(ju) |
ぢゅ |
|
gyo |
ぎょ |
jo |
じょ |
nyo |
にょ |
byo |
びょ |
myo |
みょ |
(jo) |
ぢょ |
Katakana Syllables (Alphabet)
Katakana are most often used for transcription of words in foreign languages. used to represent sounds, technical and scientific terms.
Katakana’s main feature is short straight strokes and angular corners, that’s why Katakana is considered the simplest of the Japanese scripts.
|
a |
ア |
ka |
カ |
sa |
サ |
ta |
タ |
na |
ナ |
ha |
ハ |
ma |
マ |
ya |
ヤ |
ra |
ラ |
wa |
ワ |
n |
ン |
|
i |
イ |
ki |
キ |
shi |
シ |
chi |
チ |
ni |
ニ |
hi |
ヒ |
mi |
ミ |
|
|
ri |
リ |
(wi) |
ヰ |
|
|
|
u |
ウ |
ku |
ク |
su |
ス |
tsu |
ツ |
nu |
ヌ |
fu |
フ |
mu |
ム |
yu |
ユ |
ru |
ル |
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|
e |
エ |
ke |
ケ |
se |
セ |
te |
テ |
ne |
ネ |
he |
ヘ |
me |
メ |
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|
re |
レ |
(we) |
ヱ |
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o |
オ |
ko |
コ |
so |
ソ |
to |
ト |
no |
ノ |
ho |
ホ |
mo |
モ |
yo |
ヨ |
ro |
ロ |
(w)o |