Unit 4 - Present Simple
Present Simple
Unit 4 Dialogues - Present Simple
1.
Hi, let me tell you about my daily routine.
First, I get up at 8.00, then I brush my teeth,
have a shower, and eat breakfast. I go to work
at 8.50, and I start work at 9.30. Then I have
lunch at 1.00, and finish work at 5.30. I go
to bed at 11.00. That's my day!
-----
2.
Hi! My name is Sylvia. I come from Korea. I'm
24 years old, I'm tall and I have black hair.
I like music and movies. I also like reading
books. I play sports and I study English. I'm
really happy to meet you!
-----
3.
Tyler, do you have a hobby?
Sure, I read books.
Oh, I like books as well. Do you watch TV?
Yes, I watch TV every day. I like drama and comedy programs.
I like the news. And I go to the gym as well.
Me too! Let's go together.
That sounds great!
--------
Key Vocabulary
|
daily routine |
black |
Unit 4 Grammar
Grammar1. Present Simple
The Simple Present
is used to make statements about the present
time. It is used in the following ways.
- Permanent facts: These sentences give
facts which are always true.
It is cold in winter. - The sun shines. - Fish
live in water.
- Present facts: These sentences are
true now.
I work at home. - She plays the piano.
"I work at home" doesn't mean I am
working right now, but it does mean that in
my present condition I work at home.
- Habitual actions: I get up at 8.00.
- They come here every day.
These actions are repeated regularly, so they
are considered a present reality and are expressed
in the Simple Present.
Here is the verb "to give in the Simple
Present:
|
Singular I give You give He gives She gives It gives |
Plural We give You give They give |
2. Spelling Rules for the Present Simple
If you look above
you'll see the spelling doesn't change, except
for the third person singular (He, She, It)
which adds an "s" to the verb. For
example "I eat - He eats".
Sometimes other spelling rules also apply to
He, She and It. All the following verbs add
"es" instead of "s":
The short forms for the negative verb "to
be" are as follows:
|
Verb Endings Verbs ending in -o add -es Verbs ending in -s add -es Verbs ending in -x add -es Verbs ending in -ch add -es Verbs ending in -sh add -es ----- Verbs ending in a consonant and -y often change the -y to -ies: Verbs such
as "buy" have no consonant before
the "y", so you simply add -s |
Spelling Examples do - does, go - goes pass - passes, kiss - kisses fix - fixes, mix - mixes match - matches, catch - catches push - pushes, rush - rushes
try - tries, cry - cries
|
Present Simple - Negatives and Questions
1.
Hi, how are you today?
Fine, thanks.
Do you have English class?
Yes, I have English class. It's very interesting.
Your English is good. Do you understand the teacher?
Well, yes, I understand. English is difficult, but I learn quickly.
Well done!
-----
2.
Tyler, do you have a brother?
Yes, I have one brother. He's 23.
Do you have a sister?
No, I don't have a sister. How about you?
I have two sisters.
They are 17 and 20.
-----
3.
What do you eat for breakfast?
I eat sausages, bacon, and fried eggs.
Oh, that's not very healthy. I have fruit juice and cereal.
That's really good. For lunch I eat french fries and a burger. Do you eat fast food?
No, I eat chicken and rice for lunch. It's delicious.
Wow, you're very healthy. Do you like sports?
Yes, I play tennis and soccer. Do you play sports?
Not really. I stay home and watch TV. I like movies.
Oh, me too. Let's
watch a movie together!
--------
Key Vocabulary
|
have |
fried |
Grammar
1. Simple Present NegativesSimple Present negatives
and questions are used in the same situations
as Simple Present statements: for permanent
facts, present fact, and habitual
actions.
- Permanent facts: I do not speak Japanese.
- Fish do not live in water.
- Present facts: I do not work at home.
- She does not play the piano.
- Habitual actions: I do not get up at
8.00. - They do not come here every day.
To make a negative sentence we put do
or does after the subject. Because of
this, the verb that follows do/does + not
is always in the bare infinitive form.
For example:
"I do not like pizza." is correct,
but
"I do not likes pizza is incorrect"
- you don't need to add an "s" to
the verb "like".
Do and does come from the verb
"to do", which is often used as an
auxiliary verb in English.
Here is the negative
form of the verb "to give" in the
Simple Present:
|
Singular I do not give You do not give He does not give She does not give It does not give |
Plural We do not give You do not give They do not
give |
2. Simple Present Questions
To make Simple
Present Questions you put do or does
before the subject. For example: - Statement:
I speak Japanese.
- Questions: Do I speak Japanese?
- Statement: She likes pizza.
- Questions: Does she like pizza?
As with negatives, the verb after do
or does (and the subject) is always in
the bare infinitive form. It is the auxiliary
verb "to do", do or does,
which changes.
Simple Present Question verbs are as follows:
|
Singular Do I like (pizza) ? Do you like ...? Does he like ...? Does she like ...? Does it like ...? |
Plural Do we like ...? Do you like ...? Do they like ...? |
Negative questions are also possible but are used for several more advanced ways. We'll deal with them later!
Grammar Exercises
Exercise 1
Make negatives from these sentences.
Example: She likes fruit. - She doesn't like fruit.
1. I like spaghetti.
2. He meets his friends.
3. Terry plays the violin.
4. Kate and I watch TV.
5. They start work at 9.00.
6. Jenny calls her grandmother.
Answers
1. = "I don't like spaghetti.";2. = "He doesn't meet his friends.";
3. = "Terry doesn't play the violin.";
4. = "Kate and I don't watch TV.";
5. = "They don't start work at 9.00.";
6. = "Jenny doesn't call her grandmother.";
Exercise 2
Make questions
from these sentences.
-----
Note: You must finish your questions with
a question mark and start your sentences with
a capital letter, or these exercises will
be marked as incorrect.
Example: She likes fruit. - Does she like fruit?
1. She needs a pen.
2. I have a car.
3. They get up at 8.00.
4. Jack sits with Lisa.
5. She sends letters to her friend.
6. We play cards.
Answers
1. = "Does she need a pen?";2. = "Do you have a car?";
3. = "Do they get up at 8.00?";
4. = "Does Jack sit with Lisa?";
5. = "Does Jack sit with Lisa?";
6. = "Do we play cards?";
Exercise 3
Unscramble these words to make questions.
Example: She likes fruit. - She doesn't like fruit.
1. Jenny to school go does -
2. like do movies you
3. want he does an apple
4. have a book do you
5. does taste good orange juice
6. he does in a supermarket work
Answers
1. = "Does Jenny go to school?";2. = "Do you like movies?";
3. = "Does he want an apple?";
4. = "Do you have a book?";
5. = "Does orange juice taste good?";
6. = "Does he work in a supermarket?";
Exercise 4
-----
Complete the dialogues below. Use any kind
of Presnt Simple sentence.
Example: __________ a watch? (have) - Do you have a watch?
(you/like) sports?
Sure, I really (like) tennis, but I (not/like) football. How about you?
I (love) running. It's my favorite sport.
That's good. I (not/run) a lot. I drive my car.
Well, I (have/not) a car. I run everywhere!
Answers
1. = "Do you like";2. = "like";
3. = "don't like";
4. = "love";
5. = "don't run";
6. = "don't have";